# James Ladyman Talk in Milan A few years ago, I attended a talk by [[James Ladyman]] in [[Milan]] about his book *[[Every Thing Must Go]]*. The "structure all the way down" slogan came up during the presentation. In the Q&A, I asked him to elaborate on the slogan. From a naive perspective, "turtles all the way down" is meant as a joke—it's absurd, a regress that doesn't actually explain anything. So what does "structure all the way down" actually mean? His first response was to tell me to chill out. His second point was that yes, he does genuinely hold that it's structure all the way down, indefinitely. He added that at some level, the structure might become incomprehensible to human minds—but we might develop computers capable of comprehending or registering it. --- *Note: The robots/machines remark appears to be ad hoc—not found in Every Thing Must Go (2007).*